![]() Treatment of hereditary skin cancers is similar to the treatment of sporadic skin cancers. Isotretinoin has also been shown to reduce SCC incidence among patients with XP. ![]() Vismodegib has also shown promise in reducing the per-patient annual rate of new BCCs requiring surgery among patients with BCNS. Chemopreventive agents such as isotretinoin and acitretin have been studied for the treatment of BCCs in patients with BCNS and XP and are associated with a significant decrease in the number of tumors per year. These recommendations include sun avoidance, use of sunscreen, use of sun-protective clothing, and avoidance of tanning beds. Risk-reducing strategies for individuals with an increased hereditary predispositions to skin cancer are similar to recommendations for those in the general population. Genome-wide association studies show promise for identifying common, low- penetrance susceptibility alleles for many complex diseases, including melanoma, but the clinical utility of these findings remains uncertain. Germline pathogenic variants in several other genes (i.e., CDK4, MITF, and BAP1) are also associated with increased melanoma risk.Īn autosomal recessive disease, called xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), is associated with increased BCC, SCC, and melanoma risks. Pathogenic variants in CDKN2A may account for 35% to 40% of all familial melanomas.
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